These include Index Letter Groups, describing shared eclipse characteristics. Eclipses are indicated on a four-turn spiral Saros Dial by glyphs, which describe type and time of eclipse and include alphabetical index letters, referring to solar eclipse inscriptions. The ancient Greek astronomical calculating machine, known as the Antikythera Mechanism, predicted eclipses, based on the 223-lunar month Saros cycle. 76-83), which are in consistent with the science theories and techniques of the subject's time period, are synthesized. 614-617 2009, "Decoding an Ancient Computer," Sci. 587-591 2008, "Calendars With Olympiad Display and Eclipse Prediction on the Antikythera Mechanism," Nature (London), 454, pp. 45-58 2006, "Decoding the Ancient Greek Astronomical Calculator Known as the Antikythera Mechanism," Nature (London), 444, pp. Is It Posidonius Orrery?," Mediterranean Archaeology & Archaeometry, 2, pp. Challenging the Classic Research," Mediterranean Archaeology & Archaeometry, 2, pp. Then, according to the concepts of generalization and specialization of mechanisms, two feasible designs and 14 results of teeth counting, including the existing one by Freeth et al. Based on the studies of historical literatures and existing designs, the required design constraints are concluded. This work focuses on the reconstruction synthesis of the calendrical subsystem and provides a systematic approach to generate all feasible designs. Its interior mechanism is a complicated gear train with many subsystems in which some are unclear, such as the calendrical subsystem. The damaged excavation of the Antikythera mechanism presents the oldest astronomical analog computer in ancient Greece.
In addition, relations for the teeth calculations are derived for detail designs. Then, by applying the concepts of generalization and specialization, as well as the input conditions and manufacturing process, three, four, and seven feasible reconstruction designs are synthesized for the solar motion, inferior planetary motion, and superior planetary motion, respectively. Design constraints were determined in accordance with the historical literature and existing designs. Based on a mechanism analysis, two types of reconstruction designs are developed: five-bar mechanisms with six joints and six-bar mechanisms with eight joints. According to the investigations of existing structure and other ancient astronomical instruments, design concepts with two degrees of freedom are generated, and three possible double-input conditions are identified. This paper presents a systematic reconstruction of design concepts for the lost structures with two degrees of freedom. In particular, the structures corresponding to the demonstration of solar and planetary motions have been lost. However, the portions of the mechanism that have been excavated do not completely support its functions. The Antikythera mechanism is an ancient astronomical instrument with various functions to indicate the date of the Egyptian calendar, display the motions of celestial bodies, calculate astronomical periods, and predict eclipse events. Paper by Freeth and three others appeared in Nature. The new approach has been very fertile: in July 2008 a second
Kinds of expertise are represented by different individuals. Wright worked alone in Freeth’s team different The creation of a team of 17 experts, engaging support from high-techĬompanies, can be considered an important change in research methodology. I will argue that, while Wright was close to the solution, the 2006 paper in Nature represents a great step forward that was not taken easily. It yielded data that led to the discovery of the way in which the central wheelwork of the mechanism had functioned. In the National Archeological Museum in Athens they discovered the so-called Fragment F of the
Of the pieces of the puzzle, but some of the pieces didn’t fall into place. Model the anomaly of the Moon and he had discovered that the back dials consisted of spirals. He had identified a pin and slot mechanism that could Wright’s work was a great advance on De Solla Price’s and resulted inĪ largely correct reconstruction of the topography of the wheelwork. Price did important work, but his reconstruction turned out to be seriouslyįlawed, as Wright has shown in considerable detail. Paper I will discuss the three reconstructions. Important earlier reconstructions had been published by Derek de Solla Price in 1974 and Michael Wright in 2005. published a new reconstruction of the gear system of the Antikythera mechanism in the
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